Johnston,Lloyd D | Survey Research Center

Distinguished Research Scientist, Institute for Social Research and Research Professor, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research

Biography

Dr. Johnston’s research has been based on two seminal national research studies: Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of the Lifestyles and Values of American Youth (MTF) and the Youth, Education, and Society (YES) study, funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, respectively. MTF is an epidemiological study that reports current levels and trends in the use of a wide range of substances, from cigarettes and alcohol to marijuana, cocaine, heroin, and many other illicit drugs. Its design allows researchers to address age, cohort, and period effects on the use of these substances. Johnston and his collaborators have played an agenda-setting function by calling attention early to problems that are emerging and ones that are receding among youth. They also have demonstrated how particular attitudes and beliefs about each drug play a major role in young peoples’ use of the drug, which has helped to guide a great deal of the nation’s drug and alcohol prevention strategy.

Projects

Monitoring the Future: Drug Use and Lifestyles of American Youth (MTF)

Publications

Lloyd D Johnston, Richard Allen Miech, Megan E Patrick, Patrick M O'Malley, Schulenberg,John E, Jerald G Bachman. 2023. Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use 1975-2022: Overview, key findings on adolescent drug use.
Megan E Patrick, Richard Allen Miech, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley. 2023. Monitoring the Future Panel Study annual report: National data on substance use among adults ages 19 to 60, 1976-2022.
Richard Allen Miech, Lloyd D Johnston, Megan E Patrick, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Schulenberg,John E. 2023. Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975-2022: Secondary school students.
Megan E Patrick, Mick P Couper, Jang,Bohyun, Virginia Laetz, John E Schulenberg, Patrick M. O’Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston. 2022. Building on a Sequential Mixed-Mode Research Design in the Monitoring the Future Study. Journal of Survey Statistics and Methodology 10(1):149-160.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Megan E Patrick, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2022. Self-reported perceived negative consequences of marijuana use among U.S. young adult users, 2008-2019. Addictive Behaviors 124:107098.
Lloyd D Johnston, Richard Allen Miech, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg, Megan E Patrick. 2022. Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2021. 2021 Overview: Key Findings on Adolescent Drug Use.
Richard Allen Miech, Adam M. Leventhal, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jessica L. Barrington-Trimis. 2022. Failed Attempts to Quit Combustible Cigarettes and e-Cigarettes Among US Adolescents. JAMA 327(12):1179-1181.
Richard Allen Miech, Megan E Patrick, Katherine Keyes, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2021. Adolescent drug use before and during U.S. national COVID-19 social distancing policies. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 226:108822.
Lloyd D Johnston, Richard Allen Miech, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg, Megan E Patrick. 2021. Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975-2020: Overview, key findings on adolescent drug use.
Richard Allen Miech, Adam Leventhal, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Megan E Patrick, Jessica Barrington-Trimis. 2021. Trends in Use and Perceptions of Nicotine Vaping Among US Youth From 2017 to 2020. JAMA Pediatrics 175(2):185-190.
Richard Allen Miech, Adam M Leventhal, Lloyd D Johnston. 2021. Recent, national trends in US adolescent use of menthol and non-menthol cigarettes. Tobacco Control
Richard Allen Miech, Megan E Patrick, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman. 2020. Trends in Reported Marijuana Vaping Among US Adolescents, 2017-2019. JAMA 323(5):475-476.
John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Richard Allen Miech, Megan E Patrick. 2020. Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2019. Volume II, College Students and Adults Ages 19-60.
Richard Allen Miech, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg, Megan E Patrick. 2020. Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975-2019: Volume I, Secondary school students.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg, Megan E Patrick, Richard Allen Miech. 2020. HIV/AIDS: Risk & protective behaviors among adults ages 21 to 30 in the U.S., 2004-2019.
Lloyd D Johnston, Richard Allen Miech, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Megan E Patrick. 2020. Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2019: Overview, Key Findings on Adolescent Drug Use.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg. 2020. Diversion of Medical Marijuana to Unintended Users Among U.S. Adults Age 35 and 55, 2013-2018. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 81(5):604-613.
John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Richard Allen Miech. 2020. Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975-2019: Volume II, college students and adults ages 19-60.
Richard Allen Miech, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Yvonne M Terry-McElrath. 2019. The national prevalence of adolescent nicotine use in 2017: Estimates taking into account student reports of substances vaped. Addictive Behaviors Reports 9:100159.
Richard Allen Miech, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Megan E Patrick. 2019. Adolescent Vaping and Nicotine Use in 2017-2018 - U.S. National Estimates. New England Journal of Medicine 380(2):192-193.
Richard Allen Miech, Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2019. Increasing marijuana use for black adolescents in the United States: A test of competing explanations. Addictive Behaviors
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, John E Schulenberg. 2019. Young adult longitudinal patterns of marijuana use among US national samples of 12th grade frequent marijuana users: A repeated measures latent class analysis. Addiction 114(6):1035-1048.
Megan E Patrick, Mick P Couper, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, Jang, Bohyun J, Laetz, Virginia . 2019. Two-Year Follow-up of a Sequential Mixed-Mode Experiment in the U.S. National Monitoring the Future Study. Survey Practice 12(1):8358.
Richard Allen Miech, Katherine Keyes, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2019. The great decline in adolescent cigarette smoking since 2000: consequences for drug use among US adolescents. Tobacco Control
Megan E Patrick, Richard Allen Miech, Deborah Denise Kloska, Lloyd D Johnston, Wagner, Anna C. 2019. Trends in Marijuana Vaping and Edible Consumption From 2015 to 2018 Among Adolescents in the US. JAMA Pediatrics
Richard Allen Miech, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Megan E Patrick, Leventhal, Adam M, Barrington-Trimis, Jessica . 2019. Flavors of e-Cigarettes Used by Youths in the United States. JAMA 322(21):2132-2134.
Richard Allen Miech, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Megan E Patrick. 2019. Trends in Adolescent Vaping, 2017-2019. New England Journal of Medicine 381:1490-1491.
Lloyd D Johnston, Richard Allen Miech, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg, Megan E Patrick. 2019. Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2018: Overview, Key Findings on Adolescent Drug Use.
Megan E Patrick, John E Schulenberg, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Richard Allen Miech, Laetz, Virginia B. 2018. A Sequential Mixed Mode Experiment in the U.S. National Monitoring the Future Study. Journal of Survey Statistics and Methodology 6(1):72-97.
Lloyd D Johnston, Pesko, Michael F, Huang, Jidong , Chaloupka, Frank J. 2018. E-cigarette Price Sensitivity Among Middle and High School Students: Evidence from Monitoring the Future. Addiction 113(5):896-906.
Megan E Patrick, Richard Allen Miech, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Evans-Polce, Rebecca, Lanza, Stephanie T. 2018. Reasons for Vaping among U.S. 12th Graders. Journal of Adolescent Health 62(4):457-462.
Megan E Patrick, Deborah Denise Kloska, Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Lloyd D Johnston, Lee, Christine M, OíMalley, Patrick M. 2018. Patterns of simultaneous and concurrent alcohol and marijuana use among adolescents. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 44(4):441-451.
Katherine Keyes, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Sarvet, Aaron L, Wall, Melanie M, Cerd·, Magdalena , OíMalley, Patrick M, Hasin, Deborah S. 2018. Recent rapid decrease in adolescentsÃ perception that marijuana is harmful, but no concurrent increase in use. Drug and alcohol dependence 186(1):68-74.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Megan E Patrick, Lloyd D Johnston, OíMalley, Patrick M. 2018. The end of convergence in developmental patterns of frequent marijuana use from ages 18 to 30: An analysis of cohort change from 1976Ã±2016. Drug and alcohol dependence 191:203-209.
John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Richard Allen Miech, Megan E Patrick. 2018. Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2017. Volume II, College Students & Adults Ages 19-55.
Richard Allen Miech, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg, Megan E Patrick. 2018. Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2017. Volume I, Secondary School Students.
Richard Allen Miech, Megan E Patrick, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2017. The Influence of College Attendance on Risk for Marijuana Initiation in the United States: 1977 to 2015. American Journal of Public Health 107(6):996-1002.
Richard Allen Miech, Megan E Patrick, Lloyd D Johnston. 2017. E-cigarette use as a predictor of cigarette smoking: results from a 1-year follow-up of a national sample of 12th grade students. Tobacco Control 26:e106-e111.
Megan E Patrick, Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Richard Allen Miech, John E Schulenberg, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2017. Age-Specific Prevalence of Binge and High-Intensity Drinking Among U.S. Young Adults: Changes from 2005 to 2015. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research 41(7):1319-1328.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Megan E Patrick, John E Schulenberg, Bray, Bethany C. 2017. Longitudinal Patterns of Marijuana Use Across Ages 18-50 in a US National Sample: A Descriptive Examination of Predictors and Health Correlates of Repeated Measures Latent Class Membership. Drug and alcohol dependence 171:70-83.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2017. Discontinuous Patterns of Cigarette Smoking from Age 18 to 50 in the U.S.: A Repeated-Measures Latent Class Analysis. Nicotine & tobacco research 20(1):108-116.
Megan E Patrick, Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Richard Allen Miech, Patrick M O'Malley, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston. 2017. Current High-Intensity Drinking Among Eighth and Tenth Grade Students in the U.S. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 53(6):904-908.
Richard Allen Miech, Lloyd D Johnston. 2017. Prevalence and Attitudes Regarding Marijuana Use Among Adolescents Over the Past Decade. Pediatrics 140(6):e20170982.
Richard Allen Miech, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Megan E Patrick. 2016. E-Cigarettes and the Drug Use Patterns of Adolescents. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 18(5):654-659.
Megan E Patrick, Richard Allen Miech, Carlier,Carola, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, John E Schulenberg. 2016. Self-reported reasons for vaping among 8th, 10th, and 12th graders in the US: Nationally-representative results. Drug and alcohol dependence 165:275-278.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Maslowsky, J . 2016. Sleep and Substance Use among US Adolescents, 1991-2014. American Journal of Health Behavior 40(1):77-91.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Cavazos-Rehg, Patricia , Housten, Ashley J, Krauss, Melissa J, Sowles, Shaina J, Spitznagel, Edward L, Chaloupka, Frank J, Grucza, Richard , Bierut, Laura J. 2016. Selected State Policies and Associations With Alcohol Use Behaviors and Risky Driving Behaviors Among Youth: Findings from Monitoring the Future Study. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 40:1030-1036.
Richard Allen Miech, Megan E Patrick, Lloyd D Johnston. 2016. What are kids vaping? Results from a national survey of US adolescents. Tobacco control 25(26):386-391.
Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston. 2016. Race/Ethnicity, Religiosity and Differences and Similarities in American AdolescentsÃ¢â¬™ Substance Use. Drug Use Trajectories Among Minority Youth :105-121.
John M. Wallace, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston. 2016. Race/Ethnicity, Religiosity and Differences and Similarities in American Adolescents’ Substance Use. Drug Use Trajectories Among Minority Youth :105-121.
Natalie Colabianchi, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Griffin, Jamie, Slater, Sandy J. 2015. The Whole-of-School Approach to Physical Activity: Findings From a National Sample of U.S. Secondary Students. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 49(3):387-394.
Richard Allen Miech, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg, Megan E Patrick. 2015. Trends in use of marijuana and attitudes toward marijuana among youth before and after decriminalization: The case of California 2007-2013. International Journal of Drug Policy 26(4):336-344.
Richard Allen Miech, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Katherine Keyes, Heard, Kennon . 2015. Prescription Opioids in Adolescence and Future Opioid Misuse. Pediatrics 136(5):e1169-e1177.
Megan E Patrick, Patrick M O'Malley, Deborah Denise Kloska, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Richard Allen Miech, Jerald G Bachman. 2015. Novel psychoactive substance use by US adolescents: Characteristics associated with use of synthetic cannabinoids and synthetic cathinones. Drug and Alcohol Review 35(5):586–590.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Chriqui, J F, Chaloupka, F J. 2015. Regular soda policies, school availability, and high school student consumption. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 48(4):436-444.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2015. Foods and beverages offered in US public secondary schools through the National School Lunch Program from 2011-2013: Early evidence of improved nutrition and reduced disparities. Preventive medicine 78:52-58.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2015. Potential impact of national school nutritional environment policies: cross-sectional associations with US secondary student overweight/obesity, 2008-2012. JAMA pediatrics 169(1):78-85.
Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Bryant, Alison L, Merline, Alicia C. 2014. The decline of substance use in young adulthood: Changes in social activities, roles, and beliefs. :322.
Natalie Colabianchi, Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Hood, N E. 2014. Physical activity breaks and facilities in US secondary schools. The Journal of school health 84(11):697-705.
Natalie Colabianchi, Lloyd D Johnston, Turner, Lesley Jeanne, Hood, NE , Chaloupka, FJ . 2014. Availability of Drinking Water in US Public School Cafeterias.. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 114(9):1389-1395.
Revathy Kumar, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2014. Relationship Between School Administrators' Reports of Parental Involvement in School and Students' Substance Use: A National Study. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse 23(5):269-281.
Lloyd D Johnston, Slater, S , Chriqui, J , Chaloupka, F J. 2014. Joint use policies: are they related to adolescent behavior?. Preventive medicine 69(Suppl 1):S37-S43.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Natalie Colabianchi, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Hood, N E. 2014. Profits, commercial food supplier involvement, and school vending machine snack food availability: implications for implementing the new competitive foods rule. The Journal of school health 84(7):451-458.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2014. Accessibility over availability: associations between the school food environment and student fruit and green vegetable consumption. Childhood obesity (Print) 10(3):241-250.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2014. Alcohol and marijuana use patterns associated with unsafe driving among U.S. high school seniors: high use frequency, concurrent use, and simultaneous use. Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs 75(3):378-389.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2014. Energy Drinks, Soft Drinks, and Substance Use Among United States Secondary School Students. Journal of Addiction Medicine 8(1):6-13.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Lloyd D Johnston, Turner, Lindsey , Sandoval, Anna , Chaloupka, Frank J. 2014. Commercialism in US Elementary and Secondary School Nutrition Environments. JAMA pediatrics 168(3):234-242.
Natalie Colabianchi, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Griffin, Jamie, Slater, Sandy J. 2014. The Whole-of-School Approach for Physical Activity: School Practices and Associations with Student Physical Activity in a Nationally Representative Sample of Secondary Students. Annals of Behavioral Medicine 47:S229-S229.
N. E. Hood, L. Turner, Natalie Colabianchi, F. J. Chaloupka, Lloyd D Johnston. 2014. Availability of Drinking Water in US Public School Cafeterias. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 114(9):1389-1395.
Philippa J Clarke, Patrick M O'Malley, John E Schulenberg, Natalie Colabianchi, Lloyd D Johnston, Lee, H . 2013. College expectations in high school mitigate weight gain over early adulthood: Findings from a national study of American youth. LID - 10.1002/oby.20176 [doi]. Obesity 21(7):1321-1327.
Natalie Colabianchi, Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Hood, N E. 2013. School wellness policies and foods and beverages available in schools.. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 45(2):143-149.
Revathy Kumar, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Laetz, V B. 2013. Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use Prevention Programs in U.S. Schools: A Descriptive Summary. Prevention science 14(6):581-592.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2013. Driving After Drug or Alcohol Use by US High School Seniors, 2001Ã¢â¬"2011. Am J Public Health 103(11):2027-2034.
Megan E Patrick, John E Schulenberg, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Martz, M E. 2013. Extreme binge drinking among 12th-grade students in the united states: Prevalence and predictors. JAMA Pediatrics 167(11):1019-1025.
Lloyd D Johnston, Slater, Sandy J, Nicholson, Lisa , Chriqui, Jamie , Barker, Dianne C, Chaloupka, Frank J. 2013. Walkable Communities and Adolescent Weight. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 44(2):164-168.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Emery, S , Wakefield, M A, Szczypka, G . 2013. Effects of tobacco-related media campaigns on smoking among 20-30-year-old adults: longitudinal data from the USA. Tobacco control 22(1):38-45.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2013. Middle and high school drug testing and student illicit drug use: a national study 1998-2011. The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine 52(6):707-715.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2013. School soft drink availability and consumption among U.S. secondary students. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 44(6):573-582.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2013. Simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use among US high school seniors from 1976 to 2011: Trends, reasons, and situations. Drug and alcohol dependence 133(1):71-79.
N. E. Hood, Natalie Colabianchi, Y. M. Terry-McElrath, Patrick M. O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2013. School wellness policies and foods and beverages available in schools. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 45(2):143-149.
Lloyd D Johnston. 2012. The United States Country Report. The 2011 ESPAD Report : substance use among students in 35 European countries
Katherine Keyes, John E Schulenberg, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2012. Birth cohort effects on adolescent alcohol use: The influence of social norms from 1976 to 2007. Archives of General Psychiatry 69(12):1304-1313.
Megan E Patrick, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, John E Schulenberg, McElrath, Y M. 2012. HIV/AIDS risk behaviors and substance use by young adults in the United States. Prevention Science 13(5):532-538.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley. 2012. Trends in competitive venue beverage availability: Findings from us secondary schools. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 166(8):776-778.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2012. Factors Affecting Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Availability in Competitive Venues of US Secondary Schools. Journal of School Health 82(1):44-55.
Jennifer L Maggs, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, Wray-Lake, L . 2012. Associations Between Community Attachments and Adolescent Substance Use in Nationally Representative Samples. The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine 32(5):325-331.
Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, John E Schulenberg. 2011. Racial/ethnic differences in the relationship between parental education and substance use among U.S. 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-grade students: findings from the monitoring the future project. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 72(2):279-285.
John E Schulenberg, Deborah Denise Kloska, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Ilgen, Mark A, Czyz, Ewa . 2011. Prevalence and characteristics of substance abuse treatment utilization by US adolescents: National data from 1987 to 2008. Addictive Behaviors 36(12):1349-1352.
Katherine Keyes, John E Schulenberg, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman, Li, G , Hasin, D . 2011. The social norms of birth cohorts and adolescent marijuana use in the United States, 1976-2007. Addiction 106(10):1790-1800.
Megan E Patrick, John E Schulenberg, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman. 2011. Adolescents' reported reasons for alcohol and marijuana use as predictors of substance use and problems in adulthood. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 72(1):106-116.
Megan E Patrick, John E Schulenberg, Patrick M O'Malley, Jennifer L Maggs, Deborah Denise Kloska, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman. 2011. Age-related changes in reasons for using alcohol and marijuana from ages 18 to 30 in a national sample. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 25(2):330-339.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Lloyd D Johnston, Emery, S , Szczypka, G . 2011. Potential exposure to anti-drug advertising and drug-related attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors among United States youth, 1995-2006. Addictive Behaviors 36(1/2):116-124.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2011. Exercise and Substance Use Among American Youth, 1991-2009. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 40(5):530-540.
Philippa J Clarke, Patrick M O'Malley, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston. 2010. Midlife Health and Socioeconomic Consequences of Persistent Overweight Across Early Adulthood: Findings From a National Survey of American Adults (1986-2008). American Journal of Epidemiology 172(5):540-548.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Slater, Sandy J, Ewing, Reid , Powell, Lisa M, Chaloupka, Frank J. 2010. The Association Between Community Physical Activity Settings and Youth Physical Activity, Obesity, and Body Mass Index. Journal of Adolescent Health 47(5):496-503.
John E Schulenberg, Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, Jennifer L Maggs, Lloyd D Johnston, Staff, Jeremy, Maslowsky, J . 2010. Substance use changes and social role transitions: Proximal developmental effects on ongoing trajectories from late adolescence through early adulthood. Development and psychopathology 22(4):917-932.
Philippa J Clarke, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, John E Schulenberg. 2009. Social disparities in BMI trajectories across adulthood by gender, race/ethnicity and lifetime socio-economic position: 1986-2004. International journal of epidemiology 38(2):499-509.
Philippa J Clarke, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, John E Schulenberg, Lantz, Paula M.. 2009. Differential Trends in Weight-Related Health Behaviors Among American Young Adults by Gender, Race/Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status: 1984-2006. American Journal of Public Health 99(10):1893-1901.
Lloyd D Johnston. 2009. The United States country report. The 2007 ESPAD Report : substance use among students in 35 European countries
Lloyd D Johnston. 2009. Prescription Drug Use by Adolescents: What We Are Learning and What We Still Need to Know. Journal of Adolescent Health 45(6):539-540.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Delva, Jorge. 2009. School Physical Activity Environment Related to Student Obesity and Activity: A National Study of Schools and Students. Journal of adolescent health 45(3, Supp):S71.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, McBride, Duane C, Chriqui, Jamie F, VanderWaal, Curtis J, Chaloupka, Frank J. 2009. Evidence for connections between prosecutor-reported marijuana case dispositions and community youth marijuana-related attitudes and behaviors.(Author abstract)(Survey). Crime and Delinquency 55(4):600-626.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Delva, Jorge. 2009. The School Food Environment and Student Body Mass Index and Food Consumption: 2004 to 2007 National Data. Journal of adolescent health 45(3, Supp):S45.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2009. Reasons for Drug use among American Youth by Consumption Level, Gender, and Race/ethnicity: 1976-2005. Journal of Drug Issues 39(3):677-713.
Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, John E Schulenberg, Vaughn, Michael G. 2009. Race/ethnicity, socioeconomic factors, and smoking among early adolescent girls in the United States. Women and Smoking: An Interdisciplinary Examination of Socioeconomic Influences 104(Supplement 1):S42-S49.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley. 2009. Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975-2008 (2 volumes).
Revathy Kumar, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2008. Association Between Physical Environment of Secondary Schools and Student Problem Behavior: A National Study, 2000-2003. Environment and Behavior 40(4):455-486.
John E Schulenberg, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Merline, Alicia C. 2008. Substance Use in Marital Dyads: Premarital Assortment and Change Over Time. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 69(3):352-361.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Lloyd D Johnston, Smith, K Clegg, Wakefield, M A, Chaloupka, F J, Flay, B , Saba, A , Siebel, C . 2008. Relation between newspaper coverage of tobacco issues and smoking attitudes and behaviour among American teens. Tobacco control 17(1):17-24.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2008. Saying No to Marijuana: Why American Youth Report Quitting or Abstaining. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 69(6):796-805.
Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Freedman-Doan, Peter C., Messersmith, E E. 2008. The education-drug use connection: How successes and failures in school relate to adolescent smoking, drinking, drug use, and delinquency.
Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Freedman-Doan, Peter C., Messersmith, Emily E. 2007. The education-drug use connection: How successes and failures in school relate to adolescent smoking, drinking, drug use, and delinquency..
Deborah Denise Kloska, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Carpenter, Christopher S. 2007. Alcohol Control Policies and Youth Alcohol Consumption: Evidence from 28 Years of Monitoring the Future. Topics in Economic Analysis & Policy 7:25.
Lloyd D Johnston, Chaloupka, Frank J. 2007. Bridging the Gap: Research Informing Practice and Policy for Healthy Youth Behavior. Bridging the Gap - Research Informing Practice and Policy for Healthy Youth Behavior 33(4, Supplement 1):S147-S161.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Delva, Jorge. 2007. The Epidemiology of Overweight and Related Lifestyle Behaviors: Racial/Ethnic and Socioeconomic Status Differences Among American Youth. Bridging the Gap - Research Informing Practice and Policy for Healthy Youth Behavior 33(4, Supplement 1):S178-S186.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Delva, Jorge. 2007. Health-related behaviors and overweight: A study of Latino adolescents in the United States of America. Pan American Journal of Public Health 21(1):11-20.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Delva, Jorge. 2007. Availability of More-Healthy and Less-Healthy Food Choices in American Schools: A National Study of Grade, Racial/Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Differences. Bridging the Gap - Research Informing Practice and Policy for Healthy Youth Behavior 33(4, Supplement 1):S226-S239.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Delva, Jorge. 2007. Sports Participation and Physical Education in American Secondary Schools: Current Levels and Racial/Ethnic and Socioeconomic Disparities. Bridging the Gap - Research Informing Practice and Policy for Healthy Youth Behavior 33(4, Supplement 1):S195-S208.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Delva, Jorge. 2007. Soft Drink Availability, Contracts, and Revenues in American Secondary Schools. Bridging the Gap - Research Informing Practice and Policy for Healthy Youth Behavior 33(4, Supplement 1):S209-S225.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2007. Drugs and Driving by American High School Seniors, 20012006. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 68(6):834-842.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg, Delva, Jorge. 2007. Variation in Obesity Among American Secondary School Students by School and School Characteristics. Bridging the Gap - Research Informing Practice and Policy for Healthy Youth Behavior 33(4, Supplement 1):S187-S194.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Powell, L M, Auld, C , Chaloupka, Frank J. 2007. Access to fast food and food prices: Relationship with fruit and vegetable consumption and overweight status among adolescents. Advances in health economics and health services research 17:23-48.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Powell, Lisa M, Auld, M Christopher, Chaloupka, Frank J. 2007. Associations Between Access to Food Stores and Adolescent Body Mass Index. Bridging the Gap - Research Informing Practice and Policy for Healthy Youth Behavior 33(4, Supplement 1):S301-S307.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Powell, Lisa M, Chaloupka, Frank J, Slater, Sandy J. 2007. The Availability of Local-Area Commercial Physical Activity-Related Facilities and Physical Activity Among Adolescents. Bridging the Gap - Research Informing Practice and Policy for Healthy Youth Behavior 33(4, Supplement 1):S292-S300.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Slater, Sandy J, Chaloupka, Frank J, Wakefield, Melanie A. 2007. The impact of retail cigarette marketing practices on youth smoking uptake. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 161(5):440-445.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Wakefield, Melanie A, Emery, Sherry , Saffer, Henry , Szczypka, Glen , Chaloupka, Frank J, Flay, Brian R. 2007. State Anti-Tobacco Advertising and Smoking Outcomes by Gender and Race/Ethnicity. Ethnicity & health 12(4):339-362.
Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Delva, Jorge, Stewart, Christopher . 2007. Race/Ethnicity, Religiosity and Adolescent Alcohol, Cigarette and Marijuana Use. Social Work in Public Health 23(2):193-213.
Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Yamaguchi, Ryoko . 2007. Religiosity and Adolescent Substance Use: The Role of Individual and Contextual Influences. Social problems 54(2):308-327.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Powell, L M, Auld, M Chrisopher, Chaloupka, Frank J. 2007. Access to fast food and food prices : relationship with fruit and vegetable consumption and overweight among adolescents. The economics of obesity
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2007. Drugs and driving by American high school seniors, 2001-2006. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 68(6):834-842.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg. 2007. Monitoring the Future national results on adolescent drug use: Overview of key findings, 2006 (NIH Publication No. 07-6202).
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg. 2007. Monitoring the future national results on adolescent drug use: Overview of key findings, 2006.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Delva, Jorge. 2006. Racial/ethnic and socioeconomic status differences in overweight and health-related behaviors among American students: National trends 1986-2003. Journal of Adolescent Health 39(4):536-545.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg, Revathy Kumar. 2006. How substance use differs among American secondary schools. Prevention Science 7(4):409-420.
John E Schulenberg, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Pilgrim, C C. 2006. Mediators and moderators of parental involvement on substance use: A national study of adolescents. Prevention Science 7(1):75-89.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Wakefield, Melanie A, Emery, Sherry , Saffer, Henry , Chaloupka, Frank J, Szczypka, G , Flay, B R. 2006. Effect of Televised, Tobacco Company-Funded Smoking Prevention Advertising on Youth Smoking-Related Beliefs, Intentions, and Behavior. American Journal of Public Health 96(12):2154-2160.
Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley. 2006. Monitoring the Future: Questionnaire responses from the nation's high school seniors, 2005.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg. 2006. Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use , 1975-2005. Volume II: college students and adults ages 19-45 (NIH Publication No. 06-5884).
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg. 2006. Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975-2005. Volume I: Secondary school students (NIH Publication No. 06-5883).
Philippa J Clarke, Patrick M. O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, John E Schulenberg. 2006. Social disparities in BMI trajectories across the life course: A convergence in risk. 163
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg. 2006. Monitoring the Future: National Results on Adolescent Drug Use. Overview of Key Findings 2005..
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg. 2006. Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2005.. II
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg. 2006. Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2005. Volume 1: Secondary School Students, 2005. NIH Publication No. 06-5883.
Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, John E Schulenberg, Delva, Jorge. 2005. The Epidemiology of Alcohol, Marijuana, and Cocaine Use Among Mexican American, Puerto Rican, Cuban American, and Other Latin American Eighth-Grade Students in the United States: 1991-2002. American Journal of Public Health 95:696-702
Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, John E Schulenberg, Delva, Jorge. 2005. Immigrant generational status and ethnic differences in health - Delva et al. respond. American Journal of Public Health 95(9): 1494-1495
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Emery, Sherry , Wakefield, Melanie A, Saffer, Henry , Szczypka, G , Chaloupka, Frank J, Flay, B R. 2005. Televised state-sponsored antitobacco advertising and youth smoking beliefs and behavior in the United States, 1999-2000. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 159(7): 639-645
Lloyd D Johnston, Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Patrick M O'Malley, Wakefield, Melanie A. 2005. Trends in recall and appraisal of anti-smoking advertising among American youth: National survey results, 1997-2001. Prevention Science 6(1): 1-19
Revathy Kumar, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2005. School Tobacco Control Policies Related to Students' Smoking and Attitudes Toward Smoking: National Survey Results, 1999-2000. Health Education & Behavior 32(6):780-794.
Sean Esteban McCabe, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Deborah Denise Kloska. 2005. Selection and Socialization Effects of Fraternities and Sororities on Us College Student Substance Use: a Multi-Cohort National Longitudinal Study. Addiction 100:512-524
John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Merline, Alicia C, Laetz, Virginia B. 2005. Trajectories of Marijuana Use During the Transition to Adulthood: the Big Picture Based on National Panel Data. Journal of Drug Issues 35(2):255-279.
John E Schulenberg, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston. 2005. Early adult transitions and their relation to well-being and substance abuse. On the Frontier of Adulthood : Theory, Research, and Public Policy
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Deborah Denise Kloska, Tauras, John A, Chaloupka, Frank J, Farrelly, M C, Giovino, G A, Wakefield, Melanie A, Pechacek, T F. 2005. State tobacco control spending and youth smoking. American Journal of Public Health 95(2): 338-344
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Yamaguchi, Ryoko . 2005. Substance abuse counseling services in secondary schools: a national study of schools and students, 1999-2003. (drug abuse counceling) 75(9):334(8).
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Yamaguchi, Ryoko . 2005. Relationships between school drug searches and student substance use in US schools. Educational Evaluation & Policy Analysis 26(4): 329-341
Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley. 2005. Monitoring the Future: Questionnaire Responses from the Nation’s High School Seniors, 2002.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg. 2005. Monitoring the future : national results on adolescent drug use : overview of key findings, 2004.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg. 2005. Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2004. Volume I: Secondary School Students, 2004.
Lloyd D Johnston, Hibell, B , Andersson, B , Hasbun, B . 2004. Examples of ongoing large-scale school surveys. Conducting school surveys on drug abuse
Lloyd D Johnston. 2004. Planning, administration and costs. Conducting school surveys on drug abuse
Lloyd D Johnston. 2004. Questionnaire development. Conducting school surveys on drug abuse
Lloyd D Johnston. 2004. USA country report. The ESPAD report 2003: Alcohol and other drug use among students in 35 European countries :290-292.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Yvonne M Terry-McElrath. 2004. Methods, locations, and ease of cigarette access for American youth, 1997-2002. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 27(4):267-276.
John E Schulenberg, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Merline, Alicia C. 2004. Substance Use Among Adults 35 Years of Age: Prevalence, Adulthood Predictors, and Impact of Adolescent Substance Use. American Journal of Public Health 94(1):96-102.
Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, John E Schulenberg. 2004. Studying the transition from youth to adulthood : impacts on substance use and abuse. A Telescope on Society : Survey Research and Social Science at the University of Michigan and Beyond :305-329.
Deborah Denise Kloska, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Wakefield, Melanie A, Chaloupka, Frank J, Pierce, J , Giovino, G A, Ruel, E , Flay, B R. 2004. The role of smoking intentions in predicting future smoking among youth: findings from Monitoring the Future data. Addiction 99(7):914-922.
Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston. 2004. Surveying the transition from youth to adulthood : impacts on substance use and abuse. A Telescope on Society: Survey Research and Social Science at the University of Michigan and Beyond
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg. 2004. Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2003. Volume I: Secondary school students.
John E Schulenberg, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Bryant, Alison L. 2003. How Academic Achievement, Attitudes, and Behaviors Relate to the Course of Substance Use During Adolescence: a 6-Year, Multiwave National Longitudinal Study. Journal of Research on Adolescence 13:361-3397.
Lloyd D Johnston. 2003. Alcohol and illicit drugs : the role of risk perceptions. Reducing Adolescent Risk : Toward an Integrated Approach :56-74.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley. 2003. Tobacco, alcohol, and other drug use in adolescence: Modern-day epidemics. Long term trends in the well-being of children and youth
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2003. Unsafe driving by high school senior's: National trends from 1976 to 2001 in tickets and accidents after use of alcohol, marijuana and other illegal drugs. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 64(3):305-312.
Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Cooper, S M. 2003. Gender and Ethnic Differences in Smoking, Drinking and Illicit Drug Use Among American 8th, 10th and 12th Grade Students, 1976-2000. Addiction 98:225-234.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Yamaguchi, Ryoko . 2003. Relationship between student illicit drug use and school drug-testing policies. Journal of School Health 73(4):159-164.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Yamaguchi, Ryoko . 2003. Drug testing in schools: policies, practices, and association with student drug use.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley. 2003. Obesity among American adolescents : tracking the problem and searching for causes.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 2003. Monitoring the future national results on adolescent drug use: Overview of key findings, 2002.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, John E Schulenberg. 2003. Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2002. Volume I: Secondary school students.
Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Bryant, Alison L, Merline, Alicia C. 2002. The decline of substance use in young adulthood : changes in social activities, roles, and beliefs.
Revathy Kumar, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, John E Schulenberg, Jerald G Bachman. 2002. Effects of School-Level Norms on Student Substance Use. Prevention Science 3(2):105-124.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 2002. Epidemiology of Alcohol and Other Drug Use among American College Students. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs S14(suppl):23-39.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman. 2002. Alcohol use among adolescents : an overview. Teens and alcohol
Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, John E Schulenberg, Cooper, S M. 2002. Tobacco, Alcohol, and Illicit Drug Use: Racial and Ethnic Differences Among Us High School Seniors, 1976-2000. Public Health Reports 117:S67-S75.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 2002. Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2001. Volume 1: Secondary School Students, 2001.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 2002. Monitoring the Future National Results on Adolescent Drug Use: Overview of Key Findings, 2001.
John E Schulenberg, Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Brown, Tony N. 2001. Are Risk and Protective Factors for Substance Use Consistent across Historical Time? National Data from the High School Classes of 1976 through 1997. Prevention Science 2(1):29-44.
Lloyd D Johnston, Burns, D M. 2001. Overview of recent changes in adolescent smoking behavior. Changing adolescent smoking behavior: Where it is and why :271-326.
Lloyd D Johnston. 2001. Changing demographic patterns of adolescent smoking over the past 23 years: National trends from the Monitoring the Future study. Changing adolescent smoking behavior: Where it is and why :1-8.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley. 2001. Article 97: Drug use and abuse: Psychosocial aspects. International encyclopedia of the social & behavioral sciences 1st
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Pacula, R L, Grossman, M , Chaloupka, Frank J, Farrelly, M C. 2001. Marijuana and youth. Risky behavior among youths : an economic analysis
Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, John E Schulenberg, Schuster, C . 2001. Adolescent Marijuana Use and Adult Occupational Attainment: a Longitudinal Study From Age 18 to 28. Substance Use & Misuse 36(8):997-1014.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Tauras, John A. 2001. Effects of price and access laws on teenage smoking initiation : a national longitudinal analysis.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 2001. Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2000. Volume II: College Students and Young Adults Ages 19-40.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 2001. Monitoring the Future National Results on Adolescent Drug Use: Overview of Key Findings, 2000.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 2001. Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2000. Volume I: Secondary School Students.
John E Schulenberg, Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Bryant, Alison L. 2000. Understanding the Links Among School Misbehavior, Academic Achievement, and Cigarette Use: A National Panel Study of Adolescents. Prevention Science 1(2):71-87.
Lloyd D Johnston. 2000. The epidemiology of drug use. Improving prevention effectiveness :9-22.
Lloyd D Johnston. 2000. General population surveys of drug abuse. Guide to drug abuse epidemiology :125-170.
Lloyd D Johnston. 2000. Selecting variables and measures for drug surveys. Guide to drug abuse epidemiology :171-203.
Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, John E Schulenberg. 2000. A comparison of confidential versus anonymous survey procedures: Effects on reporting of drug use and related attitudes and beliefs in a national study of students. Journal of Drug Issues 30(1):35-54.
John E Schulenberg, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston. 2000. 'Spread your wings and fly': The course of well-being and substance use during the transition to young adulthood. Negotiating adolescence in times of social change
John E Schulenberg, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston. 2000. ‘Spread your wings and fly’: The course of well-being and substance use during the transition to young adulthood. Negotiating adolescence in times of social change
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 2000. Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-1999. Volume I: Secondary School Students.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 2000. Monitoring the Future National Results on Adolescent Drug Use: Overview of Key Findings, 1999.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 2000. Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-1999. Volume II: College Students and Adults Ages 19-40.
Patrick M O'Malley, John E Schulenberg, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, An, L C. 1999. Changes at the high end of risk in cigarette smoking among US high school seniors, 1976-1995. American Journal of Public Health 89(5): 699-705
Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Freedman-Doan, Peter C., Segal, David R. 1999. Changing patterns of drug use among US military recruits before and after enlistment. American Journal of Public Health 89(5): 672-677
Lloyd D Johnston, Hall, W , Donnelly, N . 1999. Epidemiological evidence on patterns of cannabis use and their health consequences. Health implications of cannabis :69-126.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 1999. Drinking and driving among US high school seniors, 1984-1997. American Journal of Public Health 89(5): 678-684
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman. 1999. Epidemiology of substance abuse in adolescence. Sourcebook on substance abuse : etiology, epidemiology, assessment, and treatment :14-31.
Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Forman, Tyrone A, Guthrie, Barbara J. 1999. The Epidemiology of Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Use among Black Youth(*). Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 60(6):800-809.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1999. National Survey Results on Drug Use from the Monitoring the Future Study, 1975-1998. Volume II: College Students and Young Adults.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1999. National Survey Results on Drug Use from the Monitoring the Future Study, 1975-1998. Volume I: Secondary School Students.
Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley. 1998. Explaining recent increases in students' marijuana use: impacts of perceived risks and disapproval, 1976 through 1996. American Journal of Public Health 88:p887(6).
Lloyd D Johnston. 1998. New battle against marijuana. NEA Today 16:p24(1).
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman. 1998. Alcohol Use Among Adolescents. Alcohol Health and Research World 22(2):85.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1998. National Survey Results on Drug Use from the Monitoring the Future Study, 1975-1997. Volume 1: Secondary School Students.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1998. National Survey Results on Drug Use from the Monitoring the Future Study, 1975-1997. Volume 2: College Students and Young Adults.
Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, John E Schulenberg, Wadsworth, Katherine N. 1997. Smoking, Drinking, and Drug Use in Young Adulthood: The Impacts of New Freedoms and New Responsibilities. Research Monographs in Adolescence (RMA) :241.
Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, John E Schulenberg, Lloyd D Johnston, Wadsworth, Katherine N. 1997. Marriage, divorce, and parenthood during the transition to young adulthood: impacts on drug use and abuse. Health risks and developmental transitions during adolescence
Lloyd D Johnston, Bell, R , Wechsler, H . 1997. Correlates of college student marijuana use: results of a US National Survey.. Addiction 92(5):571.
Lloyd D Johnston. 1997. Contributions of drug epidemiology to the field of drug abuse prevention. Substance Use & Misuse 32:1637-1638.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley. 1997. The recanting of earlier reported drug use by young adults. The validity of self-reported drug use : improving the accuracy of survey estimates :59-80.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman. 1997. Quantititative and qualitative changes in cocaine use among American high school seniors, college students, and young adults. Substance Use & Misuse 32(Special Edition - Etiology and prevention of drug use)
John E Schulenberg, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Wadsworth, Katherine N. 1997. Adolescent risk factors for binge drinking during the transition to young adulthood: Variable- and pattern-centered approaches to change. Addictive behaviors : readings on etiology, prevention, and treatment 1st
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1997. National Survey Results on Drug Use from the Monitoring the Future Study, 1975-1995. Volume II: College Students and Young Adults.
Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, John E Schulenberg. 1996. Transitions in drug use during late adolescence and young adulthood. Transitions through adolescence : interpersonal domains and context
Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Osgood, D Wayne, Wilson, Janet K. 1996. Routine Activities and Individual Deviant Behavior. American Sociological Review 61(4):635.
John E Schulenberg, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Wadsworth, Katherine N. 1996. Getting drunk and growing up: trajectories of frequent binge drinking during the transition to young adulthood. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 57(3):289-304.
John E Schulenberg, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Wadsworth, Katherine N. 1996. Adolescent Risk Factors for Binge Drinking During the Transition to Young Adulthood: Variable- and Pattern-Centered Approaches to Change. Developmental psychology 32(4):659.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1996. National Survey Results on Drug Use from the Monitoring the Future Study, 1975-1995. Volume 1, Secondary School Students.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman. 1995. Adolescent Substance Use: Epidemiology and Implications for Public Policy. Pediatric clinics of North America 42(2):241.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman. 1995. Adolescent substance use : epidemiology and implications for public policy. Substance abuse
John E Schulenberg, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley. 1995. American adolescents' views on family and work: Historical trends from 1976-1992. Psychological responses to social change : human development in changing environments :37-64.
Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 1995. Racial/ethnic differences in adolescent drug use : exploring possible explanations. Drug abuse prevention with multiethnic youth :59-80.
John E Schulenberg, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley. 1995. American adolescents’ views on family and work: Historical trends from 1976-1992. Psychological responses to social change : human development in changing environments :37-64.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1995. National Survey Results on Drug Use from the Monitoring the Future Study, 1975-1994. Volume 1, Secondary School Students and Volume II, College Students and Young Adults.
John E Schulenberg, Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston. 1994. High school educational success and subsequent substance use: a panel analysis following adolescents into young adulthood. Journal of health & social behavior 35:p45(18).
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1994. National Survey Results on Drug Use from the Monitoring the Future Study, 1975-1993. Volume 1, Secondary School Students.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1993. National Survey Results on Drug Use from the Monitoring the Future Study, 1975-1992. Volume I: Secondary School Students.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1993. National Survey Results on Drug Use from the Monitoring the Future Study, 1975-1992. Volume II: College Students and Young Adults.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1992. Illicit drug use, smoking, and drinking by America's high school students, college students and young adults, 1975-1987 highlights. Changing lives : studies in human development and professional helping
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1992. Illicit drug use, smoking, and drinking by America’s high school students, college students and young adults, 1975-1987 highlights. Changing lives : studies in human development and professional helping
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1992. Smoking, Drinking, and Illicit Drug Use among American Secondary School Students, College Students, and Young Adults, 1975-1991. Volume I: Secondary School Students.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1992. Smoking, Drinking, and Illicit Drug Use among American Secondary School Students, College Students, and Young Adults, 1975-1991. Volume II: College Students and Young Adults.
Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley. 1991. How changes in drug use are linked to perceived risks and disapproval: Evidence from national studies that youth and young adults respond to information about the consequences of drug use. Persuasive communication and drug abuse prevention
Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Neighbors, Harold W., Kurth, C L. 1991. Racial/Ethnic Differences in Smoking, Drinking, and Illicit Drug Use among American High School Seniors, 1976-89. American Journal of Public Health 81(3):p372-77.
Lloyd D Johnston. 1991. Toward a theory of drug epidemics. Persuasive communication and drug abuse prevention :93.
Lloyd D Johnston. 1991. Contributions of drug epidemiology to the field of drug abuse prevention. Drug abuse prevention intervention research : methodological issues :57.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman. 1991. Quantitative and qualitative changes in cocaine use among American high school seniors, college students, and young adults. The Epidemiology of cocaine use and abuse
Lloyd D Johnston. 1989. The survey technique in drug abuse assessment. Bulletin on Narcotics 41:29.
Lloyd D Johnston. 1989. America’s drug problem in the media: Is it real or is it Memorex?. Communication campaigns about drugs : government, media, and the public :97.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1989. Drug Use, Drinking, and Smoking: National Survey Results from High School, College, and Young Adult Populations, 1975-1988.
Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Humphrey, Ronald H. 1988. Explaining the Recent Decline in Marijuana Use: Differentiating the Effects of Perceived Risks, Disapproval, and General Lifestyle Factors. Journal of health & social behavior 29(1):92-112.
Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston. 1988. Period, Age, and Cohort Effects on Substance Use among Young Americans: A Decade of Change, 1976-86. American Journal of Public Health 78(10):1315-21.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1988. Illicit Drug Use, Smoking, and Drinking by America’s High School Students, College Students, and Young Adults 1975-1987.
Lloyd D Johnston. 1986. Amerikanische Studenten und Drogen (1975-1983). Die betaubte gesellschaft :30.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1986. National trends in drug use in high school and college. Education Digest 52:p6(5).
Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley. 1986. Recent findings from Monitoring the Future: A continuing study of the lifestyles and values of youth. Research on the quality of life
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1986. Drug Use among American High School Students, College Students, and Other Young Adults. National Trends Through 1985.
Lloyd D Johnston, Harrison, Lavelvet R.. 1985. An international perspective on alcohol use among the youth. Alcohol and the developing brain :161.
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman. 1985. Cocaine use among American adolescents and young adults. Cocaine use in America : epidemiologic and clinical perspectives
Lloyd D Johnston. 1985. Techniques for reducing measurement error in surveys of drug use. Studying drug abuse :117.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1985. Use of Licit and Illicit Drugs by America’s High School Students, 1975-1984.
Patrick M O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston. 1984. Period, Age, and Cohort Effects on Substance Use among American Youth, 1976-82. American Journal of Public Health 74(7):682-688.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G Bachman. 1984. Drugs and American High School Students 1975-1983. Highlights.
Lloyd D Johnston. 1983. Responsible use vs. irresponsible use: Are these useful concepts in prevention?. The US journal of Drug and Alcohol Dependence 7:7.
Lloyd D Johnston. 1982. A review and analysis of recent changes in marijuana use by American young people. Marijuana, the national impact on education
Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M. O'Malley. 1982. Student Drug Use, Attitudes, and Beliefs: National Trends 1975-1982.
Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley. 1981. Smoking, drinking and drug use among American high school seniors: 1975-1979. Transitions 4(3):8-13.
Lloyd D Johnston. 1981. Frequent marijuana use: Correlates, possible effects, and reasons for using and quitting. Treating the marijuana-dependent person :8.
Lloyd D Johnston. 1981. Design features for an optimal assessment of the effects of marijuana decriminalization. Contemporary Drug Problems 10:463.
Lloyd D Johnston. 1981. Frequent marijuana use: Correlates, possible effects, and reasons for using and quitting. Treating the marijuana-dependent person :8.
Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley. 1981. Monitoring the Future: Questionnaire Responses from the Nation’s High School Seniors, 1980.
Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M O'Malley. 1980. Drug use among American high school students. The yearbook of substance use and abuse (Vol 2)
Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman. 1980. Drug use among American youth: 1975-1979. Economic Outlook USA 7(2):39-42.
Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley. 1980. Monitoring the Future: Questionnaire Responses from the Nation’s High School Seniors, 1978.
Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M. O'Malley. 1980. Monitoring the Future: Questionnaire Responses from the Nation’s High School Seniors, 1979.
Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M. O'Malley. 1980. Highlights from Student Drug Use in America 1975-1980.
Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston. 1979. The freshmen, 1979. Psychology Today 13(4):79-87.
Lloyd D Johnston, Brooke, E . 1979. The assessment of drug abuse. Resource book on measures to reduce illicit demand for drugs :33.
Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M. O'Malley. 1979. Drugs and the Class of ’78: Behaviors, Attitudes, and Recent National Trends.
Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M. O'Malley. 1979. Highlights from Drugs and the Class of ’78: Behaviors, Attitudes, and Recent National Trends.
Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M. O'Malley. 1979. Drugs and the Nation’s High School Students: Five Year National Trends. 1979 Highlights.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Eveland, L K. 1978. Drugs and delinquency: A search for causal connections. Longitudinal research on drug use : empirical findings and methodological issues :137.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, L. K. Eveland. 1978. Drugs and delinquency: A search for causal connections. Longitudinal research on drug use : empirical findings and methodological issues :137.
Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M. O'Malley. 1978. Drug Use Among American High School Students 1975-1977.
Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman, Patrick M. O'Malley. 1978. Highlights from Drug Use Among American High School Students 1975-1977.
Lloyd D Johnston. 1977. Problems of data acquisition in longitudinal studies. The epidemiology of drug abuse : current issues :60.
Lloyd D Johnston. 1977. Survey data as contributors to estimation of heroin and other narcotics use. The Epidemiology of heroin and other narcotics :103.
Lloyd D Johnston. 1977. Introduction to the use of follow-up studies. Conducting followup research on drug treatment programs :1.
Lloyd D Johnston, Nurco, David , Robins, Lee N. 1977. Conducting followup research on drug treatment programs. Treatment program monograph series ;; no. 2; DHEW publication ;; no. (ADM) 77-487; Variation: United States.; Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare.; DHEW publication ;; no. (ADM) 77-487.; Treatment program monograph series ;; no 2. :191.
Lloyd D Johnston, Nurco, David , Robins, Lee N. 1977. Reporting and utilizing the results of a follow-up study. Conducting followup research on drug treatment programs :139.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M O'Malley, Eveland, L K. 1977. Non-addictive drug use and delinquency: A longitudinal analysis. Drug use and crime: Report of the panel on drug use and criminal behavior :325.
Lloyd D Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, L. K. Eveland. 1977. Non-addictive drug use and delinquency: A longitudinal analysis. Drug use and crime: Report of the panel on drug use and criminal behavior :325.
Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman. 1976. Educational institutions and adolescent development. Understanding adolescence : current developments in adolescent psychology 3d
Lloyd D Johnston. 1975. Defining the term "polydrug use.". Operational definitions in socio-behavioral drug use research, 1975 :36.
Lloyd D Johnston. 1973. Drugs and American youth. A report from the youth in transition project..
Lloyd D Johnston, Jerald G Bachman. 1973. The functions of educational institutions in adolescent development. Understanding adolescences 2nd:221-244.
Jerald G Bachman, Lloyd D Johnston, Kahn, Robert L., Mednick, M T, Davidson, T N. 1967. Youth in Transition. Volume I, Blueprint for a Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Boys. :274.

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